Laparoscopic Surgery



Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure which uses a special surgical instrument called a laparoscope to look inside the body, or to perform certain operations.



 



What is a laparoscopy?



Laparoscopy is a procedure to look inside your abdomen by using a laparoscope. A laparoscope is like a thin telescope with a light source. It is used to light up and magnify the structures inside the abdomen. A laparoscope is passed into the abdomen through a small incision (cut) in the skin.



 



A laparoscopy may be done to find the cause of symptoms such as abdominal pain, pelvic pain, or swelling of the abdomen or pelvic region. Or, it may be done if a previous test such as an X-ray or ultrasound scan has identified a problem within the abdomen or pelvis. A laparoscopy enables a doctor to see clearly inside your abdomen. Some common conditions which can be seen by laparoscopy include:



 



Endometriosis



Pelvic inflammatory disease



Ovarian cyst



Appendicitis



Small intestine stricture



Peritoneal, hepatic, omental lesions such as metastasis and tuberculosis



What is laparoscopic surgery?



Laparoscopic surgery also referred to as minimally invasive surgery describes the performance of surgical procedures with the assistance of a video camera and several thin instruments. During the surgical procedure, small incisions of up to half an inch are made and plastic tubes called ports are placed through these incisions. The camera and the instruments are then introduced through the ports which allow access to the inside of the patient.



 



The camera transmits an image of the organs inside the abdomen onto a television monitor. The surgeon is not able to see directly into the patient without the traditional large incision. The video camera becomes a surgeon’s eyes in laparoscopy surgery, since the surgeon uses the image from the video camera positioned inside the patient’s body to perform the procedure.



 



Benefits of minimally invasive or laparoscopic procedures are :



less post operative discomfort since the incisions are much smaller



quicker recovery times



shorter hospital stays



earlier return to full activities



much smaller scars



there may be less internal scarring when the procedures are performed in a minimally invasive fashion compared to standard open surgery.



PROCEDURES WHICH CAN BE PERFORMED BY LAPAROSCOPY -



 



Abdominal Surgery



 



Gall Bladder Surgery



 



Advanced biliary surgery



 



Choledochal cyst excision with hepaticojejnostomy



CBD exploration for CBD stones



Hernia Surgery



 



Inguinal-Total Extraperitoneal (TEP) Repair



Incisional- Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh (IPOM)



Umbilical-Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh (IPOM)



Congenital Inguinal Hernia- Herniotomy



Appendicectomy



 



Lower end oesophagus



 



Fundoplication (for gastroesophageal reflux disease-GERD)



Mesh cruroplasty (for hiatus hernia)



Cardiomyotomy (for Achalasia Cardia)



Vagotomy & Gastrojejunostomy(for gastric outlet obstruction)



 



Solid Organ Surgery



 



Liver (Cysts, Abcesses)



Spleen



Kidney



Pancreas



Adrenals



Anorectal Surgery



 



Mesh Rectopexy (for rectal prolapsed)



Colorectal cancer surgery 



 



Diagnostic Laparoscopy



 



For undiagnosed abdominal pain, fever, swelling



Intrabdominal lymph node biopsy



Small bowel resection and anastomosis



Gynaecological Surgeries



 



Urology



 



Endoscopic Neck Surgery



 



Parathyroid and thyroid surgery



Thoracoscopy



 



Undiagnosed Pleural effusion



Lymph Node and lung biopsy



Pleural drainage for early empyema



Decortication for late empyema



Thymectomy



All types of Bariatric (OBESITY) Surgery for morbid obesity



 



Laparoscopic Gastric banding



Laparoscopic Roux- en-Y Gastric Bypass



Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy  



Laparoscopic Mini Gastric Bypass (MGB)